late summer

  • Plantanthera unalascensis / slender-spire orchid

    Plantanthera unalascensis / slender-spire orchid

    • teeny, green flowers, well-separated, not spiraled
    • a "tall, thin, green nothing"
    • basal leaves prostrate, but not appressed to the ground
    • leaves often wither before pollination occurs
    • found in many different habitats
  • Potamogeton richardsonii / Richardson's pondweed

    Potamogeton richardsonii / Richardson’s pondweed

    • submerged aquatic with emergent inflorescence
    • crinkly, broad-ish leaves which clasp the stem
    • variable length internodes
    • often tangled up with sago pondweed
  • Potentilla fruticosa / shrubby cinquefoil

    Potentilla fruticosa / shrubby cinquefoil

    • low, deciduous, shrub; wetlands and riparian zones
    • yellow buttercup-like flowers with 5 leaflets, often in clusters
    • blooms from June until frost
    • pinnately compound leaves, typically with 5 leaflets
    • fruit (achene) remains into winter
  • Potentilla norvegica / rough cinquefoil

    Potentilla norvegica / rough cinquefoil

    • 5 yellow petals, not fused
    • 5 sepals longer than petals, esp. after flowering
    • numerous stamens and pistils
    • compound leaves with leaflets grouped in 3s
    • prominent veins; toothed margins
    • hairy stems
    • mostly in disturbed areas, including gardens
  • Pteridium aquilinum / common bracken

    Pteridium aquilinum / common bracken

    • a fern with large, triangular fronds, up to 4 ft tall
    • fronds subdivided into triangular leaflets
    • herbaceous perennial
    • deciduous with annual regrowth first appearing as fiddleheads in spring
    • wide range of habitats, including full sun
  • Pterospora andromedea / woodland pinedrops

    Pterospora andromedea / woodland pinedrops

    • sticky-haired, reddish brown plant; no chlorophyll
    • nodding, yellow and pink flowers like upside-down urns
    • unbranched stem with "invisible" scale-like leaves at base
    • old, woody stalks with pumpkin-shaped capsules persist at least one season
    • in pine or mixed conifer forests
  • Ranunculus aquatilis / common water crowfoot

    Ranunculus aquatilis / common water crowfoot

    • found in slowly flowing water ways, ditches, ponds
    • white, waxy flowers with yellow centers; 4 or 5 petals
    • flowers raised a couple inches above the water surface
    • usually grows in dense mats that look a lot like slime
  • Rhamphospermum arvense / Charlock

    Rhamphospermum arvense / Charlock

    • yellow-flowered brassica; flowers larger than most mustards
    • large-ish leaves with toothed margins
    • erect stems; look for a reddish purple ring at stem junctions
    • disturbed areas, road sides and waste places; prefers high nutrients
    • 1" siliques point out or up, but not down
  • Rudbeckia occidentals / western coneflower

    Rudbeckia occidentals / western coneflower

    • dark cone-shaped flower head - like a sunflower without petals
    • ring of yellow "bumps" visible during pollination time
    • "cones" about 1" but double that when in seed.
    • usually a tall plant with sunflower-like leaves
    • alternate (not opposite) leaves
  • Rumex acetosella / sheep sorrel

    Rumex acetosella / sheep sorrel

    • long, vertical inflorescences... not compact or well "organized"
    • female plants with red/maroon flowers; males with green/white flowers
    • especially visible when seeds are ripe... red
    • basal rosette of arrowhead shaped leaves
    • disturbed areas, wastelands, poor sites
  • Rumex crispus / curly dock

    Rumex crispus / curly dock

    • rather large, lance-shaped leaves
    • curly leaf margins, like crisped bacon or "crinkly-wavy"
    • tall flowering stalks with many, many small yellow/green-ish flowers
    • fruits are just like the flowers but deep red
    • widespread and very much a weed
  • Sabulina nuttallii / Nuttall's sandwort

    Sabulina nuttallii / Nuttall’s sandwort

    • small, glandular-pubescent perennial
    • trailing stems form mats
    • thin, rigid, needle-like leaves, about ½" long
    • small, white, 5-petaled flowers in terminal clusters
    • 5 green, pointy sepals
    • sagebrush hills to alpine slopes, and especially on gravelly benches or talus