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Pseudotsuga menziesii / Douglas fir
- persistent cones with distinctive 3-pronged, "mouse tail", bracts
- semi-pointy, but not stiff or sharp, single needles
- needles attached to twigs by petioles (no pegs)
- oval leaf scars
- twig buds are pointy, "lustrous" brown
Pteridium aquilinum / common bracken
- a fern with large, triangular fronds, up to 4 ft tall
- fronds subdivided into triangular leaflets
- herbaceous perennial
- deciduous with annual regrowth first appearing as fiddleheads in spring
- wide range of habitats, including full sun
Pterospora andromedea / woodland pinedrops
- sticky-haired, reddish brown plant; no chlorophyll
- nodding, yellow and pink flowers like upside-down urns
- unbranched stem with "invisible" scale-like leaves at base
- old, woody stalks with pumpkin-shaped capsules persist at least one season
- in pine or mixed conifer forests
Purshia tridentata / antelope bitterbrush
- small yellow, 5-petal flowers in early spring
- small shrub, often in large "clumps"
- leaves look like sagebrush (Artemesia tridentata)
Pyrola asarifolia / pink pyrola
- 4 to 25 nodding red (or pink) and white flowers in a loose raceme
- round petals, edges often curved down
- green style extends out of flower like elephant's trunk
- flower stems may be over a foot tall
- leaves are "liver" shaped or "ginger" shaped and shiny - round-ish but wider than long
Ranunculus adoneus / alpine buttercup
- short, high altitude plant
- rocks or moist meadows
- yellow "buttercuppy" flowers, 5-10 petals
- huge numbers of stigmas
- highly lobed, finely dissected leaves
Ranunculus aquatilis / common water crowfoot
- found in slowly flowing water ways, ditches, ponds
- white, waxy flowers with yellow centers; 4 or 5 petals
- flowers raised a couple inches above the water surface
- usually grows in dense mats that look a lot like slime
Ranunculus glaberrimus / sagebrush buttercup
- one of the earliest spring flowers
- yellow flowers, ca. 1" across
- usually 5 shiny/waxy petals, numerous stamens
- short, mostly elliptical leaves
- in small to field-sized clumps
- very poisonous
Ranunculus orthorhynchus / straightbeak buttercup
- 5 (to 8) bright, shiny yellow petals with long pedicels
- many stamens and pistils
- large, compound leaves with 3-5 pointy-lobed leaflets
- found in wet areas including irrigation ditches
Rhamphospermum arvense / Charlock
- yellow-flowered brassica; flowers larger than most mustards
- large-ish leaves with toothed margins
- erect stems; look for a reddish purple ring at stem junctions
- disturbed areas, road sides and waste places; prefers high nutrients
- 1" siliques point out or up, but not down
Ribes aureum / golden current
- shrub up to 10 feet tall
- spring bloomer, golden yellow flower in clusters
- small, maple-like leaves
- 1/2 inch berries in late summer, golden to black
Ribes hudsonianum / northern black currant
- moist wooded areas, streambanks
- erect, spike-like inflorescences with up to 50 white flowers
- bitter berries, ripening to black
- leaves and stems covered with resinous glands
- leaves 3-5 lobed, glandular below
- smells bad