…small, sort-of leaflike outgrowths at the base of a leaf petiole. They are not found on all species but may be prominent on others

… a kind of stem that lies above the surface of the ground (unlike rhizomes, which are below ground). Capable of rooting and giving rise to new shoots as a means of clonal/vegetative reproduction. The most well-known stoloniferous plant for most people is strawberries.

… the male and female reproductive structures on conifers; cones.

… the process by which the species structure of an ecological community changes with time, whether that be over decades, centuries or millennia.

… sometimes it isn’t possible to decide whether the outer parts of a flower are petals or sepals. In that case, they are called tepals.

… a grass shoot that arises from the base of the plant. Tillering is the production of side shoots on a single plant

…a new grass shoot, essentially grass “branches” developing from stem. They have a a growing point, stem, leaves and roots nodes. Unlike rhizomes or stolons which develop horizontally, tillers develop upwards, albeit sometimes from rhizomes and stolons.

…densely covered with short matted woolly hairs

… the sum of all the messenger RNA, i.e. all of the information from genes (DNA) converted (translated) into a form useable by the cells in an organism to make proteins.

… in biology, a tribe is a taxonomic rank above genus but below family and subfamily… basically a small-ish group of similar genera.